FUNDAMENTALS OF IMPROVING THE TACTICS OF INTERVIEWING PERSONS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

Abstract

This research is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the procedural-legal, criminalistic, psychological, and organizational foundations of interrogation tactics involving persons with physical disabilities in criminal proceedings. The relevance of the study is driven by the necessity to ensure the practical enforcement of equal access to justice for persons with physical disabilities, strengthen procedural guarantees during their interrogation, and eliminate existing gaps in current legislation. Utilizing systemic, comparative-legal, logical, content-analysis, and comprehensive scientific approaches, the research analyzes national legislation, international legal standards, foreign practices, and academic literature. As a result, it scientifically substantiates that the effectiveness of interrogating persons with physical disabilities is directly linked to special procedural guarantees, the participation of qualified specialists, the use of individualized communication techniques, and the implementation of modern digital technologies. Furthermore, scientific and practical proposals were developed to improve the procedure for engaging sign language interpreters, typhlopedagogues, surdopedagogues, psychologists, and other experts, as well as to record interrogation proceedings via audio-video recording, gradually introduce artificial intelligence-based communication tools, and refine criminal procedural legislation. The findings of this study can be applied to enhance the protection of the rights and freedoms of persons with physical disabilities in criminal proceedings, increase the efficiency of investigative practice, and improve legislation alongside law enforcement applications.