TYPES OF TRANSBOUNDARY IMPACTS AND THEIR NORMATIVE-LEGAL CLASSIFICATION IN INTERNATIONAL LAW

Abstract

This study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the content of the concept of transboundary in�luence, its main types, and its conventional and theoretical classi�ication within the framework of international law. The article identi�ies environmental, economic-�inancial, and digital forms of transboundary impact, highlighting their speci�ic characteristics. In particular, the differences between the negative consequences arising from activities that cause damage to the environment and the positive effects manifested through interstate economic relations are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the fundamental principles regulating transboundary in�luence based on international legal norms – the principles of territorial sovereignty of states, the obligation not to cause harm, precautionary measures, and international cooperation. The article also analyzes scientific approaches to classification criteria in modern international law using a comparative legal method. Through the method of normative analysis, the content of relevant international treaties, resolutions, and court decisions is consistently studied from a legal perspective. As a result of the study, it was shown that improving the system of classification of types of transboundary influence plays an important role in the effective application of international legal norms and ensuring stable interstate relations, and the need for a unified international approach to regulating this process was justified. At the end of the article, along with scientific and theoretical conclusions, practical proposals and recommendations related to the field are put forward.