MODERN TRENDS IN PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING THE LEGISLATION OF UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

This article is devoted to the study of the theoretical and practical aspects of improving the institution of personal data protection in the context of the rapid development of global digitalization and artificial intelligence technologies. The main goal of the research is to identify existing gaps in the national legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan and to develop scientifically based proposals for bringing them into line with international standards, in particular, the requirements of the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The author, using dialectical, comparative-legal, formal-legal, and system analysis methods, deeply studied the impact of the requirement for strict data localization on the national digital economy, in particular, on the operation of international payment systems and cloud services. As a result of the analysis, systemic problems were identified in the current legislation, such as the lack of mechanisms for prompt notification of information leaks, uncertainties in the legal regulation of the activities of biobanks, and insufficient institutional independence of the authorized body. The article substantiates the need to transition from strict data storage requirements to flexible protection models, introduce the right to object to automated decision-making processes, and strengthen the protection of children’s data. The scientific novelty and practical significance of the work are determined by the proposal of specific solutions aimed at ensuring a balance between digital sovereignty and investment attractiveness in the legislative process.