ISSUES OF COMBATING ILLEGAL MIGRATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION

Abstract

In the context of global processes and regional integration, migration movements are manifested as an important socio-economic and legal issue on a global scale. Illegal migration not only threatens the internal security of states, but also jeopardizes the legal and social protection of migrants. Therefore, the issues of combating illegal migration at the global and regional levels are becoming increasingly relevant. This article comprehensively analyzes the legal, institutional, and practical mechanisms for combating illegal migration within the framework of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The main goal of the study is to determine the effectiveness of global and regional programs implemented by the IOM in preventing illegal migration, as well as to assess the possibilities of their integration into national migration policy. The study used methods of legal analysis, a systematic approach, comparative legal analysis, and the study of statistical data, as well as the analysis of international treaties and IOM documents. In the course of the study, the main problems were identified as insufficient information exchange between states and the ineffectiveness of mechanisms for identifying and returning illegal migrants, as well as institutional gaps in the protection of migrants’ rights. In conclusion, the author put forward scientifically based proposals for the implementation of digital monitoring systems within the framework of the IOM, strengthening interstate cooperation, expanding reintegration programs, and harmonizing legal mechanisms.