INTERNATIONAL LEGAL AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS FOR ENSURING THE SECURITY OF MEDICAL DATA

Abstract

The article examines the theoretical and legal foundations of international regulation of medical data security in the context of the accelerated digitalization of the healthcare system. The author pays special attention to the analysis of regulatory legal acts aimed at protecting confidential medical information, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), World Health Organization guidelines on digital health, recommendations of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the activities of other international institutions. The importance of forming unified legal standards and principles that ensure reliable protection of medical information in the context of global integration of digital healthcare systems is emphasized. The author also examines the risks associated with unauthorized access to data, their cross-border transfer, and the lack of unified approaches to the storage, processing, and use of personal medical data. The law enforcement practice of individual countries and the activities of regional associations, such as the European Union and the CIS, in the field of digital security and medical ethics are analyzed. The article concludes with specific proposals for harmonizing national legislation with international standards, developing a comprehensive policy for ensuring information security in the healthcare sector, and strengthening the role of regulatory bodies and transnational cooperation. At the same time, the need to maintain a balance between technological progress and fundamental human rights - privacy, immunity, and the protection of personal data - is emphasized.